Articles | Volume 7-osr10
https://doi.org/10.5194/sp-7-osr10-15-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/sp-7-osr10-15-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Impact of Storm Louis on two Spanish harbours: a multi-platform approach
Pablo Lorente
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Puertos del Estado, Madrid, 28042, Spain
Garbiñe Ayensa
INTECMAR (Instituto Tecnolóxico para o Control do Medio Mariño de Galicia), Vilagarcia de Arousa, 36611, Spain
Marta De Alfonso
Puertos del Estado, Madrid, 28042, Spain
Samuel Galán
Puertos del Estado, Madrid, 28042, Spain
Pilar Gil
Puertos del Estado, Madrid, 28042, Spain
Fernando Manzano
Puertos del Estado, Madrid, 28042, Spain
Anna Magdalena Matulka
Puertos del Estado, Madrid, 28042, Spain
Pedro Montero
INTECMAR (Instituto Tecnolóxico para o Control do Medio Mariño de Galicia), Vilagarcia de Arousa, 36611, Spain
Verónica Morales-Márquez
Puertos del Estado, Madrid, 28042, Spain
Begoña Pérez-Gómez
Puertos del Estado, Madrid, 28042, Spain
Cristina Pérez-Íñigo
Puertos del Estado, Madrid, 28042, Spain
Susana Pérez-Rubio
Puertos del Estado, Madrid, 28042, Spain
M. Isabel Ruiz
Puertos del Estado, Madrid, 28042, Spain
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The historical sea level measurements in the Copernicus Marine Service have been machine flagged and visually inspected. The existing software for the near-real-time product has been adapted. The new product was launched in November of 2022 and is readily available to the general public.
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Baptiste Mourre, Emma Reyes, Pablo Lorente, Alex Santana, Jaime Hernández-Lasheras, Ismael Hernández-Carrasco, Maximo García-Jove, and Nikolaos D. Zarokanellos
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This description and mapping of coastal sea level monitoring networks in the Mediterranean and Black seas reveals the existence of 240 presently operational tide gauges. Information is provided about the type of sensor, time sampling, data availability, and ancillary measurements. An assessment of the fit-for-purpose status of the network is also included, along with recommendations to mitigate existing bottlenecks and improve the network, in a context of sea level rise and increasing extremes.
Emma Reyes, Eva Aguiar, Michele Bendoni, Maristella Berta, Carlo Brandini, Alejandro Cáceres-Euse, Fulvio Capodici, Vanessa Cardin, Daniela Cianelli, Giuseppe Ciraolo, Lorenzo Corgnati, Vlado Dadić, Bartolomeo Doronzo, Aldo Drago, Dylan Dumas, Pierpaolo Falco, Maria Fattorini, Maria J. Fernandes, Adam Gauci, Roberto Gómez, Annalisa Griffa, Charles-Antoine Guérin, Ismael Hernández-Carrasco, Jaime Hernández-Lasheras, Matjaž Ličer, Pablo Lorente, Marcello G. Magaldi, Carlo Mantovani, Hrvoje Mihanović, Anne Molcard, Baptiste Mourre, Adèle Révelard, Catalina Reyes-Suárez, Simona Saviano, Roberta Sciascia, Stefano Taddei, Joaquín Tintoré, Yaron Toledo, Marco Uttieri, Ivica Vilibić, Enrico Zambianchi, and Alejandro Orfila
Ocean Sci., 18, 797–837, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-18-797-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-18-797-2022, 2022
Short summary
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Pablo Lorente, Eva Aguiar, Michele Bendoni, Maristella Berta, Carlo Brandini, Alejandro Cáceres-Euse, Fulvio Capodici, Daniela Cianelli, Giuseppe Ciraolo, Lorenzo Corgnati, Vlado Dadić, Bartolomeo Doronzo, Aldo Drago, Dylan Dumas, Pierpaolo Falco, Maria Fattorini, Adam Gauci, Roberto Gómez, Annalisa Griffa, Charles-Antoine Guérin, Ismael Hernández-Carrasco, Jaime Hernández-Lasheras, Matjaž Ličer, Marcello G. Magaldi, Carlo Mantovani, Hrvoje Mihanović, Anne Molcard, Baptiste Mourre, Alejandro Orfila, Adèle Révelard, Emma Reyes, Jorge Sánchez, Simona Saviano, Roberta Sciascia, Stefano Taddei, Joaquín Tintoré, Yaron Toledo, Laura Ursella, Marco Uttieri, Ivica Vilibić, Enrico Zambianchi, and Vanessa Cardin
Ocean Sci., 18, 761–795, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-18-761-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-18-761-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
High-frequency radar (HFR) is a land-based remote sensing technology that can provide maps of the surface circulation over broad coastal areas, along with wave and wind information. The main goal of this work is to showcase the current status of the Mediterranean HFR network as well as present and future applications of this sensor for societal benefit such as search and rescue operations, safe vessel navigation, tracking of marine pollutants, and the monitoring of extreme events.
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Short summary
Storm Louis hit southwestern Europe in February 2024, causing major transport disruptions, power outages, and one death. Powerful winds and high waves struck two Spanish ports, with wave heights over 8 m. Despite similar conditions offshore, the ports reacted differently due to their layouts. One saw long-lasting, moderate impacts, while the other faced a shorter, more intense event. The study highlights the need for better storm monitoring to protect coastal infrastructure.
Storm Louis hit southwestern Europe in February 2024, causing major transport disruptions, power...
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