Scientific synthesis reports and assessments
Scientific synthesis reports and assessments
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Articles | Volume 7-osr10
Articles | Volume 7-osr10
https://doi.org/10.5194/sp-7-osr10-11-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Report:
10th edition of the Copernicus Ocean State Report (OSR10)
https://doi.org/10.5194/sp-7-osr10-11-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 7-osr10
30 Sep 2026
 | OSR10 | Chapter 2.8
 | 30 Sep 2026 | OSR10 | Chapter 2.8

Long term trends and variability of the mixed layer depth in the Baltic Sea

Urmas Raudsepp, Ulvi Ahmadov, Ilja Maljutenko, Amirhossein Barzandeh, Mariliis Kõuts, and Priidik Lagemaa

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Short summary
Over the past 30 years, the Baltic Sea's surface mixed layer has changed unevenly: it is shoaling in the southwest due to warming and increased stratification, while deepening in the northeast as ice loss allows more winter mixing. These shifts may affect ecosystems by reducing deep-water ventilation and worsening hypoxia in the south, while enhancing nutrient redistribution and spring bloom potential in the north. The Baltic Sea's climate response is strongly regional.
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10th edition of the Copernicus Ocean State Report (OSR10)
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