Scientific synthesis reports and assessments
Scientific synthesis reports and assessments
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Articles | Volume 5-opsr
Articles | Volume 5-opsr
https://doi.org/10.5194/sp-5-opsr-10-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Report:
Ocean prediction: present status and state of the art (OPSR)
https://doi.org/10.5194/sp-5-opsr-10-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 5-opsr
02 Jun 2025
 | OPSR | Chapter 5.1
 | 02 Jun 2025 | OPSR | Chapter 5.1

Numerical models for simulating ocean physics

Michael J. Bell, Andreas Schiller, and Stefania Ciliberti

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Short summary
We provide an introduction to physical ocean models, at elementary and intermediate levels, describing the properties they represent, the principles and equations they use to evolve these properties, the physical phenomena they simulate, and the wider context and prospects for their further development. We also outline, at a more technical level, the methods and approximations that they use and the difficulties that limit their accuracy or reliability.
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Ocean prediction: present status and state of the art (OPSR)
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