Articles | Volume 4-osr8
https://doi.org/10.5194/sp-4-osr8-9-2024
https://doi.org/10.5194/sp-4-osr8-9-2024
30 Sep 2024
 | OSR8 | Chapter 3.1
 | 30 Sep 2024 | OSR8 | Chapter 3.1

Oceanographic preconditions for planning seawater heat pumps in the Baltic Sea – an example from the Tallinn Bay, Gulf of Finland

Jüri Elken, Ilja Maljutenko, Priidik Lagemaa, Rivo Uiboupin, and Urmas Raudsepp

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Cited articles

Aavaste, A., Sipelgas, L., Uiboupin, R., and Uudeberg, K.: Impact of thermohaline conditions on vertical variability of optical properties in the Gulf of Finland (Baltic Sea): Implications for water quality remote sensing, Frontiers in Marine Science, 8, 674065, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.674065, 2021. 
Alenius, P., Myrberg, K., and Nekrasov, A.: The physical oceanography of the Gulf of Finland: a review, Boreal Environ. Res. 3, 97–125, 1998. 
Axell, L.: EU Copernicus Marine Service, Product User Manual for Baltic Sea Physical Reanalysis Product, BALTICSEA_REANALYSIS_PHY_003_011, Issue 2.1, Mercator Ocean International, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7935113, 2021. 
Bach, B., Werling, J., Ommen, T., Münster, M., Morales, J. M., and Elmegaard, B.: Integration of large-scale heat pumps in the district heating systems of Greater Copenhagen, Energy, 107, 321–334, 2016. 
CleanTechnica: Giant Heat Pump Takes Over Entire Danish Town, https://cleantechnica.com/2023/06/12/giant-heat-pump-takes-over-entire-danish-town/ (last access: 29 March 2024), 2023. 
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Short summary
Baltic deep water is generally warmer than surface water during winter when district heating is required. Depending on the location, depth, and oceanographic situation, bottom water of Tallinn Bay can be used as an energy source for seawater heat pumps until the end of February, covering the major time interval when heating is needed. Episodically, there are colder-water events when seawater heat extraction has to be complemented by other sources of heating energy.
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