Articles | Volume 6-osr9
https://doi.org/10.5194/sp-6-osr9-11-2025
https://doi.org/10.5194/sp-6-osr9-11-2025
30 Sep 2025
 | OSR9 | Chapter 4.1
 | 30 Sep 2025 | OSR9 | Chapter 4.1

The 2023 marine heatwave in the North Atlantic tropical ocean

Amélie Loubet, Simon J. van Gennip, Romain Bourdallé-Badie, and Marie Drevillon

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Cited articles

Cailleau, S., Bessières, L., Chiendje, L., Dubost, F., Reffray, G., Lellouche, J.-M., van Gennip, S., Régnier, C., Drevillon, M., Tressol, M., Clavier, M., Temple-Boyer, J., and Berline, L.: CAR36, a regional high-resolution ocean forecasting system for improving drift and beaching of Sargassum in the Caribbean archipelago, Geosci. Model Dev., 17, 3157–3173, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-3157-2024, 2024. 
Cavole, L., Demko, A., Diner, R., Giddings, A., Koester, I., Pagniello, C., Paulsen, M.-L., Ramirez-Valdez, A., Schwenck, S., Yen, N., Zill, M., and Franks, P.: Biological Impacts of the 2013–2015 Warm-Water Anomaly in the Northeast Pacific: Winners, Losers, and the Future, Oceanography, 29, 273–285, https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2016.32, 2016. 
Copernicus: Record high global sea surface temperatures continue in August, Copernicus, https://climate.copernicus.eu/record-high-global-sea-surface-temperatures-continue-august (last access: 14 May 2025), 2023. 
Copernicus Climate Change Service, Climate Data Store: ERA5 hourly data on single levels from 1940 to present, Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS) [dataset], https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.adbb2d47, 2023. 
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Marine heatwaves (MHWs) are intensifying due to climate change. In 2023, the Copernicus Marine forecast system tracked a significant MHW event in the North Atlantic tropical ocean. We show this event was unprecedented, at the surface and at depth. It peaked in the north-east in May, spreading south-west to reach the Caribbean by autumn. In the east and centre parts, the MHW remained within the surface layers, while in the Caribbean, it reached deeper levels due to warm waters advected by equatorial eddies.
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